A mastectomy is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of the breast tissue. It's primarily used to treat breast cancer, but can also be a preventative measure for those at high risk. The procedure can involve removing the entire breast (simple mastectomy) or, in some cases, more extensive tissue removal including lymph nodes, skin, and muscle.

A chemo port, also known as a port-a-cath or implanted port, is a small, implantable device used to provide easy and reliable access to the bloodstream for administering chemotherapy and other intravenous treatments. It's typically placed under the skin, usually in the upper chest, and connected to a catheter that extends into a large vein.

Breast reconstruction is a surgical procedure to rebuild the shape of a breast that has been removed or damaged, often due to breast cancer treatment. It can be performed immediately during the mastectomy or delayed until a later time. The procedure aims to restore a natural-looking and balanced breast shape and can significantly impact a patient's body image and self-esteem.

Breast-conserving surgery (BCS), also known as lumpectomy or partial mastectomy, is a type of breast cancer surgery that removes the tumor and a small amount of surrounding tissue, while leaving most of the breast intact. It's a viable option for many women with breast cancer and offers similar long-term survival rates to mastectomy.

Blood cancer, also known as hematologic malignancy, is a type of cancer that affects the production and function of blood cells. It primarily originates in the bone marrow, where blood cells are produced, and can disrupt the normal blood cell development process, leading to the uncontrolled growth of abnormal blood cells. This can impair the blood's ability to perform essential functions like fighting infections, preventing bleeding, and carrying oxygen.

Head and neck cancers encompass a group of cancers that originate in the head and neck region, typically in the squamous cells lining the mouth, throat, and voice box. These cancers can also develop in other areas like the salivary glands, sinuses, and even muscles and nerves, but these are less common. Common risk factors include tobacco and alcohol use, and HPV infection.

Thoracic cancer refers to any cancer that originates in the chest cavity, including the lungs, esophagus, thymus, and chest wall. Lung cancer is the most common type of thoracic cancer. Understanding the different types of thoracic cancer, their symptoms, causes, and treatment options is crucial for early detection and effective management.

Skin cancer is a disease where malignant (cancerous) cells form in the skin's tissues. It's the most common type of cancer, with three main types: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds is the primary cause for most skin cancers, damaging DNA in skin cells.

Thyroid cancer is a disease where malignant (cancerous) cells form in the tissues of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland, located at the base of the neck, produces hormones that regulate metabolism. Thyroid cancer develops when cells in the thyroid gland undergo changes in their DNA, causing them to grow and multiply uncontrollably, forming a tumor.

Liver cancer is a disease where malignant (cancerous) cells form in the tissues of the liver. It can be classified into primary liver cancer, which originates in the liver, and secondary liver cancer, which spreads to the liver from another part of the body. The most common type of primary liver cancer in adults is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Intestinal cancer encompasses cancers of both the small and large intestines (colon and rectum). Symptoms can include abdominal pain, weight loss, and changes in bowel habits. Treatment options, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depend on the cancer's stage and location.

Gastric cancer, also known as stomach cancer, is a disease where malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the stomach. The stomach is a muscular organ in the upper abdomen that plays a key role in digesting food. Most stomach cancers are adenocarcinomas, which develop in the inner layer of the stomach.